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YACK is a universal CW keyer library and application for the AVR architecture that is designed to be reusable. It consists of a set of functions to read, play, record and decode CW input from a paddle keyer (single or double lever). The library can be used to easily create keyers, CW decoders and trainers, beacons, door openers, alarm clocks and many more applications at very moderate cost. It can also be mixed with other applications in the same chip.
Components of the application can be left out or included on as needed, reducing the memory footprint. The library can be found in the file yack.c
To demonstrate the library, a standard keyer application has been written which can be found in main.c
This document describes the operation of the keyer from a user perspective
Version: 0.7
As is, the library is configured to run on a stock ATTINY45 cpu with its internal oscillator at 8MHz, prescaled to 1MHz.
The ATTINY45 comes with 4KB of Flash memory and 256 Byte each for RAM and EEPROM. It can be ported to other AVR chips if these have sufficient features to support the intended application. As the library was written in C, processors without internal stack will not work with this application unless significantly rewritten.
Hardware connections are defined in yack.h
After reset in default mode, the keyer operates as regular IAMBIC keyer in IAMBIC B at 12 WPM (words per minute = 60 CPM). The sidetone generator operates at 800 Hz.
Speed can be changed py pressing and holding the command key while operating the DIT and DAH paddles. DIT reduces speed while DAH increases speed. The keyer plays an alternating sequence of dit and dah while changing speed without keying the transmitter.
Pressing the command button without changing speed will switch the keyer into command mode. This will be confirmed with the '?' character. Another press of the same button takes the keyer back into regular keyer mode and will be confirmed by a single dot.
During command mode the transceiver is never keyed and sidetone is always activated. Further functions can be accessed by keying one-letter commands as listed below.
The keyer responds with the current keyer software version number
Allows modifying the sidetone pitch to a higher or lower level. A sequence of dits will be played and the pitch can be modified with the dit and dah paddles. If no paddle is touched for 5 seconds, OK is sounded and the mode terminates, leaving the user in command mode.
All settings are returned to their default values except for the stored messages in the message buffers. Restored settings include speed and pitch, Paddle Swap, TX level inversion, sidetone and TX keyer settings.
The transceiver is keyed for a duration of 20 seconds for tuning purposes. Tuning mode is aborted once either DIT or DAH paddles are touched or the control key is pressed.
Keyer sets IAMBIC A as permanent keying mode. Request is answered with "A OK".
Keyer sets IAMBIC B as permanent keying mode. Request is answered with "B OK".
Sets the keyer into ULTIMATIC mode. In Ultimatic mode always tha last paddle to be touched is repeated indefinitely when paddles are squeezed
Some of the first generation keyers exhibited this behaviour so the chip can simulate that
DIT and DAH paddles are swapped. Request is answered with "OK".
The builtin sidetone generator setting is toggled (ON -> OFF or OFF -> ON). NOTE: This setting is only of relevance for regular keying mode. Sidetone is always on in command mode. Request is answered with "OK".
Toggles the setting of the TX keyer output. In default state the keyer switches the output line when it is in keyer mode. Toggling this setting enables or disables that function. NOTE: Keying is always off in Command mode. Request is answered with "OK".
Allows setting of an extended inter-character Pause in all sending modes which makes fast keying easier to understand. Note that this of course only influences RECEPTION, not TRANSMISSION. If you desire farnsworth mode in transmission, please manually pause during characters.
This function toggles wether the "active" level on the keyer output is VCC or GND. This setting is dependent on the attached keying circuit. Request is answered with "OK".
Keyer responds with current keying speed in WPM.
The keyer immediately responds with "1" or "2" after which a message up to 100 characters can be keyed at current WPM speed. After 5 seconds of inactivity the message is played back once and then stored in EEPROM. Choosing "1" or "2" but not keying a new message deletes the chosen message buffer content.
The stored messages 1 or 2 are played back with keying enabled (if configured). A press of the command key immediately returns the keyer to keyer mode so a QSO can be started.
The keyer responds with "N" after which a number between 0 and 9999 can be keyed. After a 5 second timeout the keyer responds by repeating the number and "OK". Once the keyer returns to keyer mode, the content of message buffer 2 is repeated in intervals of n seconds. The setting is preserved in EEPROM so the chip can be used as a fox hunt keyer.
Returning to command mode and entering an interval of 0 (or none at all) stops beacon mode.
The 0 command locks or unlocks the main configuration items but not speed, pitch and playback functions.
The keyer plays a generated callsign (sidetone only) and the user must repeat it. If it was repeated correctly, "R" is played and the next callsign is given. If a mistake was sensed, the error prosign (8 dots) is sounded and the current callsign is repeated again for the user to try once more. If nothing is keyed for 10 seconds, the keyer returns to command mode.
1.7.2
